Showing excessive loyalty to your own group or cause with an unreasonable belief that it's superior to others.
Formed from chauvin + -istic suffix (meaning 'of the nature of'). Emerged in English during the 19th century as the noun 'chauvinism' gained currency, allowing speakers to describe attitudes and behaviors characterized by this excessive devotion.
The suffix '-istic' turns a noun into an adjective describing a quality or practice, and it became especially popular once modern feminism began naming the bias against women as 'male chauvinism'—making the word relevant to everyday social criticism.
Inherited from 'chauvinism,' the adjective carries the same gendered history of being predominantly applied to men's excessive loyalty or bias, implicitly coding these traits as masculine.
Apply equally to all genders without gendered qualifier; specify context if necessary ('chauvinistic nationalism', 'chauvinistic group behavior') rather than defaulting to masculine association.
["biased","nationalist","loyalist","jingoistic"]
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