A public declaration or manifesto written in direct opposition to another manifesto, presenting opposing ideals or principles.
From 'counter-' (against) plus 'manifesto' (from Italian 'manifesto', meaning revealed or publicly declared, from Latin 'manifestare'). Modern political term from 20th-century ideological conflicts.
The Communist Manifesto of 1848 inspired dozens of countermanifestos—anti-communist, religious, and capitalist groups all published responses. It shows how ideas spread through direct argumentation!
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