The process of draining blood from the body, either as a medical procedure or as a cause of death; complete loss of blood.
From Latin 'exsanguinare,' combining 'ex-' (out) and 'sanguineus' (of blood, from 'sanguis'). The medical term entered English in the 19th century.
The Latin root 'sanguis' (blood) is hiding in tons of words—'sanguine' (optimistic, but literally blood-colored), 'sanguinary' (bloodthirsty), 'consanguinity' (blood relatives)—English borrowed this whole family of words for anything involving blood or relatedness!
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