Excessive concern with or strict adherence to grammatical rules; the practice or doctrine of emphasizing grammar above other aspects of language.
From 'grammatic' or 'grammar' plus the suffix '-ism' (from Greek '-ismos' denoting a practice or principle), creating an abstract noun for the ideology of prioritizing grammar.
Grammaticism describes the attitude that grammar rules matter more than actually communicating clearly—it's been critiqued by modern linguists who show that languages with 'broken' grammar can be just as expressive and beautiful!
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