A person who regularly has trouble falling asleep or staying asleep and experiences sleep deprivation.
From Latin 'insomnis' (in- 'not' + somnus 'sleep') + Greek '-iac' (condition or person affected by). The term emerged in the 19th century as sleep disorders became medically recognized.
Insomniacs were often romanticized in the 1800s as artistic and intellectual, but science now shows sleep deprivation actually impairs creativity and cognitive function—the opposite of what people believed!
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